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NatsRouter

faststream.nats.fastapi.NatsRouter #

NatsRouter(servers=('nats://localhost:4222'), *, error_cb=None, disconnected_cb=None, closed_cb=None, discovered_server_cb=None, reconnected_cb=None, name=SERVICE_NAME, pedantic=False, verbose=False, allow_reconnect=True, connect_timeout=DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, reconnect_time_wait=DEFAULT_RECONNECT_TIME_WAIT, max_reconnect_attempts=DEFAULT_MAX_RECONNECT_ATTEMPTS, ping_interval=DEFAULT_PING_INTERVAL, max_outstanding_pings=DEFAULT_MAX_OUTSTANDING_PINGS, dont_randomize=False, flusher_queue_size=DEFAULT_MAX_FLUSHER_QUEUE_SIZE, no_echo=False, tls=None, tls_hostname=None, user=None, password=None, token=None, drain_timeout=DEFAULT_DRAIN_TIMEOUT, signature_cb=None, user_jwt_cb=None, user_credentials=None, nkeys_seed=None, nkeys_seed_str=None, inbox_prefix=DEFAULT_INBOX_PREFIX, pending_size=DEFAULT_PENDING_SIZE, flush_timeout=None, graceful_timeout=15.0, decoder=None, parser=None, middlewares=(), security=None, asyncapi_url=None, protocol='nats', protocol_version='custom', description=None, asyncapi_tags=None, logger=EMPTY, log_level=INFO, log_fmt=None, setup_state=True, schema_url='/asyncapi', prefix='', tags=None, dependencies=None, default_response_class=Default(JSONResponse), responses=None, callbacks=None, routes=None, redirect_slashes=True, default=None, dependency_overrides_provider=None, route_class=APIRoute, on_startup=None, on_shutdown=None, lifespan=None, deprecated=None, include_in_schema=True, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))

Bases: StreamRouter['Msg']

A class to represent a NATS router.

Source code in faststream/nats/fastapi/fastapi.py
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def __init__(
    self,
    servers: Annotated[
        Union[str, Iterable[str]],
        Doc("NATS cluster addresses to connect."),
    ] = ("nats://localhost:4222",),
    *,
    # connection args
    error_cb: Annotated[
        Optional["ErrorCallback"],
        Doc("Callback to report errors."),
    ] = None,
    disconnected_cb: Annotated[
        Optional["Callback"],
        Doc("Callback to report disconnection from NATS."),
    ] = None,
    closed_cb: Annotated[
        Optional["Callback"],
        Doc("Callback to report when client stops reconnection to NATS."),
    ] = None,
    discovered_server_cb: Annotated[
        Optional["Callback"],
        Doc("Callback to report when a new server joins the cluster."),
    ] = None,
    reconnected_cb: Annotated[
        Optional["Callback"], Doc("Callback to report success reconnection.")
    ] = None,
    name: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("Label the connection with name (shown in NATS monitoring)."),
    ] = SERVICE_NAME,
    pedantic: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            "Turn on NATS server pedantic mode that performs extra checks on the protocol. "
            "https://docs.nats.io/using-nats/developer/connecting/misc#turn-on-pedantic-mode"
        ),
    ] = False,
    verbose: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc("Verbose mode produce more feedback about code execution."),
    ] = False,
    allow_reconnect: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc("Whether recover connection automatically or not."),
    ] = True,
    connect_timeout: Annotated[
        int,
        Doc("Timeout in seconds to establish connection with NATS server."),
    ] = DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT,
    reconnect_time_wait: Annotated[
        int,
        Doc("Time in seconds to wait for reestablish connection to NATS server"),
    ] = DEFAULT_RECONNECT_TIME_WAIT,
    max_reconnect_attempts: Annotated[
        int,
        Doc("Maximum attempts number to reconnect to NATS server."),
    ] = DEFAULT_MAX_RECONNECT_ATTEMPTS,
    ping_interval: Annotated[
        int,
        Doc("Interval in seconds to ping."),
    ] = DEFAULT_PING_INTERVAL,
    max_outstanding_pings: Annotated[
        int,
        Doc("Maximum number of failed pings"),
    ] = DEFAULT_MAX_OUTSTANDING_PINGS,
    dont_randomize: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            "Boolean indicating should client randomly shuffle servers list for reconnection randomness."
        ),
    ] = False,
    flusher_queue_size: Annotated[
        int, Doc("Max count of commands awaiting to be flushed to the socket")
    ] = DEFAULT_MAX_FLUSHER_QUEUE_SIZE,
    no_echo: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc("Boolean indicating should commands be echoed."),
    ] = False,
    tls: Annotated[
        Optional["ssl.SSLContext"],
        Doc("Some SSL context to make NATS connections secure."),
    ] = None,
    tls_hostname: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("Hostname for TLS."),
    ] = None,
    user: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("Username for NATS auth."),
    ] = None,
    password: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("Username password for NATS auth."),
    ] = None,
    token: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("Auth token for NATS auth."),
    ] = None,
    drain_timeout: Annotated[
        int,
        Doc("Timeout in seconds to drain subscriptions."),
    ] = DEFAULT_DRAIN_TIMEOUT,
    signature_cb: Annotated[
        Optional["SignatureCallback"],
        Doc(
            "A callback used to sign a nonce from the server while "
            "authenticating with nkeys. The user should sign the nonce and "
            "return the base64 encoded signature."
        ),
    ] = None,
    user_jwt_cb: Annotated[
        Optional["JWTCallback"],
        Doc(
            "A callback used to fetch and return the account "
            "signed JWT for this user."
        ),
    ] = None,
    user_credentials: Annotated[
        Optional["Credentials"],
        Doc("A user credentials file or tuple of files."),
    ] = None,
    nkeys_seed: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("Nkeys seed to be used."),
    ] = None,
    nkeys_seed_str: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("Raw nkeys seed to be used."),
    ] = None,
    inbox_prefix: Annotated[
        Union[str, bytes],
        Doc(
            "Prefix for generating unique inboxes, subjects with that prefix and NUID.ß"
        ),
    ] = DEFAULT_INBOX_PREFIX,
    pending_size: Annotated[
        int,
        Doc("Max size of the pending buffer for publishing commands."),
    ] = DEFAULT_PENDING_SIZE,
    flush_timeout: Annotated[
        Optional[float],
        Doc("Max duration to wait for a forced flush to occur."),
    ] = None,
    # broker args
    graceful_timeout: Annotated[
        Optional[float],
        Doc(
            "Graceful shutdown timeout. Broker waits for all running subscribers completion before shut down."
        ),
    ] = 15.0,
    decoder: Annotated[
        Optional["CustomCallable"],
        Doc("Custom decoder object."),
    ] = None,
    parser: Annotated[
        Optional["CustomCallable"],
        Doc("Custom parser object."),
    ] = None,
    middlewares: Annotated[
        Iterable["BrokerMiddleware[Msg]"],
        Doc("Middlewares to apply to all broker publishers/subscribers."),
    ] = (),
    # AsyncAPI args
    security: Annotated[
        Optional["BaseSecurity"],
        Doc(
            "Security options to connect broker and generate AsyncAPI server security information."
        ),
    ] = None,
    asyncapi_url: Annotated[
        Union[str, Iterable[str], None],
        Doc("AsyncAPI hardcoded server addresses. Use `servers` if not specified."),
    ] = None,
    protocol: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("AsyncAPI server protocol."),
    ] = "nats",
    protocol_version: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("AsyncAPI server protocol version."),
    ] = "custom",
    description: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("AsyncAPI server description."),
    ] = None,
    asyncapi_tags: Annotated[
        Optional[Iterable[Union["asyncapi.Tag", "asyncapi.TagDict"]]],
        Doc("AsyncAPI server tags."),
    ] = None,
    # logging args
    logger: Annotated[
        Optional["LoggerProto"],
        Doc("User specified logger to pass into Context and log service messages."),
    ] = EMPTY,
    log_level: Annotated[
        int,
        Doc("Service messages log level."),
    ] = logging.INFO,
    log_fmt: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("Default logger log format."),
    ] = None,
    # StreamRouter options
    setup_state: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            "Whether to add broker to app scope in lifespan. "
            "You should disable this option at old ASGI servers."
        ),
    ] = True,
    schema_url: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            "AsyncAPI schema url. You should set this option to `None` to disable AsyncAPI routes at all."
        ),
    ] = "/asyncapi",
    # FastAPI args
    prefix: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc("An optional path prefix for the router."),
    ] = "",
    tags: Annotated[
        Optional[List[Union[str, "Enum"]]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of tags to be applied to all the *path operations* in this
            router.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    dependencies: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence["params.Depends"]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of dependencies (using `Depends()`) to be applied to all the
            *path and stream operations* in this router.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Bigger Applications - Multiple Files](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/bigger-applications/#include-an-apirouter-with-a-custom-prefix-tags-responses-and-dependencies).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    default_response_class: Annotated[
        Type["Response"],
        Doc(
            """
            The default response class to be used.

            Read more in the
            [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#default-response-class).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(JSONResponse),
    responses: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], "AnyDict"]],
        Doc(
            """
            Additional responses to be shown in OpenAPI.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Additional Responses in OpenAPI](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/additional-responses/).

            And in the
            [FastAPI docs for Bigger Applications](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/bigger-applications/#include-an-apirouter-with-a-custom-prefix-tags-responses-and-dependencies).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    callbacks: Annotated[
        Optional[List[BaseRoute]],
        Doc(
            """
            OpenAPI callbacks that should apply to all *path operations* in this
            router.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for OpenAPI Callbacks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/openapi-callbacks/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    routes: Annotated[
        Optional[List[BaseRoute]],
        Doc(
            """
            **Note**: you probably shouldn't use this parameter, it is inherited
            from Starlette and supported for compatibility.

            ---

            A list of routes to serve incoming HTTP and WebSocket requests.
            """
        ),
        deprecated(
            """
            You normally wouldn't use this parameter with FastAPI, it is inherited
            from Starlette and supported for compatibility.

            In FastAPI, you normally would use the *path operation methods*,
            like `router.get()`, `router.post()`, etc.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    redirect_slashes: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Whether to detect and redirect slashes in URLs when the client doesn't
            use the same format.
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    default: Annotated[
        Optional["ASGIApp"],
        Doc(
            """
            Default function handler for this router. Used to handle
            404 Not Found errors.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    dependency_overrides_provider: Annotated[
        Optional[Any],
        Doc(
            """
            Only used internally by FastAPI to handle dependency overrides.

            You shouldn't need to use it. It normally points to the `FastAPI` app
            object.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    route_class: Annotated[
        Type["APIRoute"],
        Doc(
            """
            Custom route (*path operation*) class to be used by this router.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Custom Request and APIRoute class](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/how-to/custom-request-and-route/#custom-apiroute-class-in-a-router).
            """
        ),
    ] = APIRoute,
    on_startup: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence[Callable[[], Any]]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of startup event handler functions.

            You should instead use the `lifespan` handlers.

            Read more in the [FastAPI docs for `lifespan`](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/events/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    on_shutdown: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence[Callable[[], Any]]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of shutdown event handler functions.

            You should instead use the `lifespan` handlers.

            Read more in the
            [FastAPI docs for `lifespan`](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/events/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    lifespan: Annotated[
        Optional["Lifespan[Any]"],
        Doc(
            """
            A `Lifespan` context manager handler. This replaces `startup` and
            `shutdown` functions with a single context manager.

            Read more in the
            [FastAPI docs for `lifespan`](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/events/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    deprecated: Annotated[
        Optional[bool],
        Doc(
            """
            Mark all *path operations* in this router as deprecated.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    include_in_schema: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            To include (or not) all the *path operations* in this router in the
            generated OpenAPI.

            This affects the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Query Parameters and String Validations](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/query-params-str-validations/#exclude-from-openapi).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    generate_unique_id_function: Annotated[
        Callable[["APIRoute"], str],
        Doc(
            """
            Customize the function used to generate unique IDs for the *path
            operations* shown in the generated OpenAPI.

            This is particularly useful when automatically generating clients or
            SDKs for your API.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(generate_unique_id),
) -> None:
    super().__init__(
        servers,
        error_cb=error_cb,
        disconnected_cb=disconnected_cb,
        closed_cb=closed_cb,
        discovered_server_cb=discovered_server_cb,
        reconnected_cb=reconnected_cb,
        name=name,
        pedantic=pedantic,
        verbose=verbose,
        allow_reconnect=allow_reconnect,
        connect_timeout=connect_timeout,
        reconnect_time_wait=reconnect_time_wait,
        max_reconnect_attempts=max_reconnect_attempts,
        ping_interval=ping_interval,
        max_outstanding_pings=max_outstanding_pings,
        dont_randomize=dont_randomize,
        flusher_queue_size=flusher_queue_size,
        no_echo=no_echo,
        tls=tls,
        tls_hostname=tls_hostname,
        user=user,
        password=password,
        token=token,
        drain_timeout=drain_timeout,
        signature_cb=signature_cb,
        user_jwt_cb=user_jwt_cb,
        user_credentials=user_credentials,
        nkeys_seed=nkeys_seed,
        nkeys_seed_str=nkeys_seed_str,
        inbox_prefix=inbox_prefix,
        pending_size=pending_size,
        flush_timeout=flush_timeout,
        # broker options
        graceful_timeout=graceful_timeout,
        decoder=decoder,
        parser=parser,
        middlewares=middlewares,
        security=security,
        asyncapi_url=asyncapi_url,
        protocol=protocol,
        protocol_version=protocol_version,
        description=description,
        logger=logger,
        log_level=log_level,
        log_fmt=log_fmt,
        asyncapi_tags=asyncapi_tags,
        schema_url=schema_url,
        setup_state=setup_state,
        # FastAPI kwargs
        prefix=prefix,
        tags=tags,
        dependencies=dependencies,
        default_response_class=default_response_class,
        responses=responses,
        callbacks=callbacks,
        routes=routes,
        redirect_slashes=redirect_slashes,
        default=default,
        dependency_overrides_provider=dependency_overrides_provider,
        route_class=route_class,
        on_startup=on_startup,
        on_shutdown=on_shutdown,
        deprecated=deprecated,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
        lifespan=lifespan,
        generate_unique_id_function=generate_unique_id_function,
    )

title instance-attribute #

title = ''

version instance-attribute #

version = ''

description instance-attribute #

description = ''

terms_of_service instance-attribute #

terms_of_service = None

license instance-attribute #

license = None

contact instance-attribute #

contact = None

asyncapi_tags instance-attribute #

asyncapi_tags = None

external_docs instance-attribute #

external_docs = None

identifier instance-attribute #

identifier = None

routes instance-attribute #

routes = [] if routes is None else list(routes)

redirect_slashes instance-attribute #

redirect_slashes = redirect_slashes

default instance-attribute #

default = not_found if default is None else default

on_startup instance-attribute #

on_startup = [] if on_startup is None else list(on_startup)

on_shutdown instance-attribute #

on_shutdown = [] if on_shutdown is None else list(on_shutdown)

lifespan_context instance-attribute #

lifespan_context = _DefaultLifespan(self)

middleware_stack instance-attribute #

middleware_stack = cls(middleware_stack, *args, **kwargs)

prefix instance-attribute #

prefix = prefix

tags instance-attribute #

tags = tags or []

dependencies instance-attribute #

dependencies = list(dependencies or [])

deprecated instance-attribute #

deprecated = deprecated

include_in_schema instance-attribute #

include_in_schema = include_in_schema

responses instance-attribute #

responses = responses or {}

callbacks instance-attribute #

callbacks = callbacks or []

dependency_overrides_provider instance-attribute #

dependency_overrides_provider = dependency_overrides_provider

route_class instance-attribute #

route_class = route_class

default_response_class instance-attribute #

default_response_class = default_response_class

generate_unique_id_function instance-attribute #

generate_unique_id_function = generate_unique_id_function

docs_router instance-attribute #

docs_router

schema instance-attribute #

schema = None

setup_state instance-attribute #

setup_state = setup_state

weak_dependencies_provider instance-attribute #

weak_dependencies_provider = WeakSet()

broker_class class-attribute instance-attribute #

broker_class = NatsBroker

broker instance-attribute #

broker

not_found async #

not_found(scope, receive, send)
Source code in starlette/routing.py
async def not_found(self, scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
    if scope["type"] == "websocket":
        websocket_close = WebSocketClose()
        await websocket_close(scope, receive, send)
        return

    # If we're running inside a starlette application then raise an
    # exception, so that the configurable exception handler can deal with
    # returning the response. For plain ASGI apps, just return the response.
    if "app" in scope:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=404)
    else:
        response = PlainTextResponse("Not Found", status_code=404)
    await response(scope, receive, send)

url_path_for #

url_path_for(name, /, **path_params)
Source code in starlette/routing.py
def url_path_for(self, name: str, /, **path_params: typing.Any) -> URLPath:
    for route in self.routes:
        try:
            return route.url_path_for(name, **path_params)
        except NoMatchFound:
            pass
    raise NoMatchFound(name, path_params)

startup async #

startup()

Run any .on_startup event handlers.

Source code in starlette/routing.py
async def startup(self) -> None:
    """
    Run any `.on_startup` event handlers.
    """
    for handler in self.on_startup:
        if is_async_callable(handler):
            await handler()
        else:
            handler()

shutdown async #

shutdown()

Run any .on_shutdown event handlers.

Source code in starlette/routing.py
async def shutdown(self) -> None:
    """
    Run any `.on_shutdown` event handlers.
    """
    for handler in self.on_shutdown:
        if is_async_callable(handler):
            await handler()
        else:
            handler()

lifespan async #

lifespan(scope, receive, send)

Handle ASGI lifespan messages, which allows us to manage application startup and shutdown events.

Source code in starlette/routing.py
async def lifespan(self, scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
    """
    Handle ASGI lifespan messages, which allows us to manage application
    startup and shutdown events.
    """
    started = False
    app: typing.Any = scope.get("app")
    await receive()
    try:
        async with self.lifespan_context(app) as maybe_state:
            if maybe_state is not None:
                if "state" not in scope:
                    raise RuntimeError('The server does not support "state" in the lifespan scope.')
                scope["state"].update(maybe_state)
            await send({"type": "lifespan.startup.complete"})
            started = True
            await receive()
    except BaseException:
        exc_text = traceback.format_exc()
        if started:
            await send({"type": "lifespan.shutdown.failed", "message": exc_text})
        else:
            await send({"type": "lifespan.startup.failed", "message": exc_text})
        raise
    else:
        await send({"type": "lifespan.shutdown.complete"})

app async #

app(scope, receive, send)
Source code in starlette/routing.py
async def app(self, scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
    assert scope["type"] in ("http", "websocket", "lifespan")

    if "router" not in scope:
        scope["router"] = self

    if scope["type"] == "lifespan":
        await self.lifespan(scope, receive, send)
        return

    partial = None

    for route in self.routes:
        # Determine if any route matches the incoming scope,
        # and hand over to the matching route if found.
        match, child_scope = route.matches(scope)
        if match == Match.FULL:
            scope.update(child_scope)
            await route.handle(scope, receive, send)
            return
        elif match == Match.PARTIAL and partial is None:
            partial = route
            partial_scope = child_scope

    if partial is not None:
        #  Handle partial matches. These are cases where an endpoint is
        # able to handle the request, but is not a preferred option.
        # We use this in particular to deal with "405 Method Not Allowed".
        scope.update(partial_scope)
        await partial.handle(scope, receive, send)
        return

    route_path = get_route_path(scope)
    if scope["type"] == "http" and self.redirect_slashes and route_path != "/":
        redirect_scope = dict(scope)
        if route_path.endswith("/"):
            redirect_scope["path"] = redirect_scope["path"].rstrip("/")
        else:
            redirect_scope["path"] = redirect_scope["path"] + "/"

        for route in self.routes:
            match, child_scope = route.matches(redirect_scope)
            if match != Match.NONE:
                redirect_url = URL(scope=redirect_scope)
                response = RedirectResponse(url=str(redirect_url))
                await response(scope, receive, send)
                return

    await self.default(scope, receive, send)

mount #

mount(path, app, name=None)
Source code in starlette/routing.py
def mount(self, path: str, app: ASGIApp, name: str | None = None) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
    route = Mount(path, app=app, name=name)
    self.routes.append(route)

host #

host(host, app, name=None)
Source code in starlette/routing.py
def host(self, host: str, app: ASGIApp, name: str | None = None) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
    route = Host(host, app=app, name=name)
    self.routes.append(route)

add_route #

add_route(path, endpoint, methods=None, name=None, include_in_schema=True)
Source code in starlette/routing.py
def add_route(
    self,
    path: str,
    endpoint: typing.Callable[[Request], typing.Awaitable[Response] | Response],
    methods: list[str] | None = None,
    name: str | None = None,
    include_in_schema: bool = True,
) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
    route = Route(
        path,
        endpoint=endpoint,
        methods=methods,
        name=name,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
    )
    self.routes.append(route)

add_websocket_route #

add_websocket_route(path, endpoint, name=None)
Source code in starlette/routing.py
def add_websocket_route(
    self,
    path: str,
    endpoint: typing.Callable[[WebSocket], typing.Awaitable[None]],
    name: str | None = None,
) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
    route = WebSocketRoute(path, endpoint=endpoint, name=name)
    self.routes.append(route)

route #

route(path, methods=None, name=None, include_in_schema=True)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
def route(
    self,
    path: str,
    methods: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    name: Optional[str] = None,
    include_in_schema: bool = True,
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    def decorator(func: DecoratedCallable) -> DecoratedCallable:
        self.add_route(
            path,
            func,
            methods=methods,
            name=name,
            include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
        )
        return func

    return decorator

websocket_route #

websocket_route(path, name=None)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
def websocket_route(
    self, path: str, name: Union[str, None] = None
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    def decorator(func: DecoratedCallable) -> DecoratedCallable:
        self.add_websocket_route(path, func, name=name)
        return func

    return decorator

add_event_handler #

add_event_handler(event_type, func)
Source code in starlette/routing.py
def add_event_handler(self, event_type: str, func: typing.Callable[[], typing.Any]) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
    assert event_type in ("startup", "shutdown")

    if event_type == "startup":
        self.on_startup.append(func)
    else:
        self.on_shutdown.append(func)

on_event #

on_event(event_type)

Add an event handler for the router.

on_event is deprecated, use lifespan event handlers instead.

Read more about it in the FastAPI docs for Lifespan Events.

Source code in fastapi/routing.py
@deprecated(
    """
    on_event is deprecated, use lifespan event handlers instead.

    Read more about it in the
    [FastAPI docs for Lifespan Events](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/events/).
    """
)
def on_event(
    self,
    event_type: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The type of event. `startup` or `shutdown`.
            """
        ),
    ],
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    """
    Add an event handler for the router.

    `on_event` is deprecated, use `lifespan` event handlers instead.

    Read more about it in the
    [FastAPI docs for Lifespan Events](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/events/#alternative-events-deprecated).
    """

    def decorator(func: DecoratedCallable) -> DecoratedCallable:
        self.add_event_handler(event_type, func)
        return func

    return decorator

add_api_route #

add_api_route(path, endpoint, *, response_model=Default(None), status_code=None, tags=None, dependencies=None, summary=None, description=None, response_description='Successful Response', responses=None, deprecated=None, methods=None, operation_id=None, response_model_include=None, response_model_exclude=None, response_model_by_alias=True, response_model_exclude_unset=False, response_model_exclude_defaults=False, response_model_exclude_none=False, include_in_schema=True, response_class=Default(JSONResponse), name=None, route_class_override=None, callbacks=None, openapi_extra=None, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
def add_api_route(
    self,
    path: str,
    endpoint: Callable[..., Any],
    *,
    response_model: Any = Default(None),
    status_code: Optional[int] = None,
    tags: Optional[List[Union[str, Enum]]] = None,
    dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
    summary: Optional[str] = None,
    description: Optional[str] = None,
    response_description: str = "Successful Response",
    responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
    deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
    methods: Optional[Union[Set[str], List[str]]] = None,
    operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
    response_model_include: Optional[IncEx] = None,
    response_model_exclude: Optional[IncEx] = None,
    response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
    response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
    response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
    response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
    include_in_schema: bool = True,
    response_class: Union[Type[Response], DefaultPlaceholder] = Default(
        JSONResponse
    ),
    name: Optional[str] = None,
    route_class_override: Optional[Type[APIRoute]] = None,
    callbacks: Optional[List[BaseRoute]] = None,
    openapi_extra: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
    generate_unique_id_function: Union[
        Callable[[APIRoute], str], DefaultPlaceholder
    ] = Default(generate_unique_id),
) -> None:
    route_class = route_class_override or self.route_class
    responses = responses or {}
    combined_responses = {**self.responses, **responses}
    current_response_class = get_value_or_default(
        response_class, self.default_response_class
    )
    current_tags = self.tags.copy()
    if tags:
        current_tags.extend(tags)
    current_dependencies = self.dependencies.copy()
    if dependencies:
        current_dependencies.extend(dependencies)
    current_callbacks = self.callbacks.copy()
    if callbacks:
        current_callbacks.extend(callbacks)
    current_generate_unique_id = get_value_or_default(
        generate_unique_id_function, self.generate_unique_id_function
    )
    route = route_class(
        self.prefix + path,
        endpoint=endpoint,
        response_model=response_model,
        status_code=status_code,
        tags=current_tags,
        dependencies=current_dependencies,
        summary=summary,
        description=description,
        response_description=response_description,
        responses=combined_responses,
        deprecated=deprecated or self.deprecated,
        methods=methods,
        operation_id=operation_id,
        response_model_include=response_model_include,
        response_model_exclude=response_model_exclude,
        response_model_by_alias=response_model_by_alias,
        response_model_exclude_unset=response_model_exclude_unset,
        response_model_exclude_defaults=response_model_exclude_defaults,
        response_model_exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema and self.include_in_schema,
        response_class=current_response_class,
        name=name,
        dependency_overrides_provider=self.dependency_overrides_provider,
        callbacks=current_callbacks,
        openapi_extra=openapi_extra,
        generate_unique_id_function=current_generate_unique_id,
    )
    self.routes.append(route)

api_route #

api_route(path, *, response_model=Default(None), status_code=None, tags=None, dependencies=None, summary=None, description=None, response_description='Successful Response', responses=None, deprecated=None, methods=None, operation_id=None, response_model_include=None, response_model_exclude=None, response_model_by_alias=True, response_model_exclude_unset=False, response_model_exclude_defaults=False, response_model_exclude_none=False, include_in_schema=True, response_class=Default(JSONResponse), name=None, callbacks=None, openapi_extra=None, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
def api_route(
    self,
    path: str,
    *,
    response_model: Any = Default(None),
    status_code: Optional[int] = None,
    tags: Optional[List[Union[str, Enum]]] = None,
    dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
    summary: Optional[str] = None,
    description: Optional[str] = None,
    response_description: str = "Successful Response",
    responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
    deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
    methods: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
    response_model_include: Optional[IncEx] = None,
    response_model_exclude: Optional[IncEx] = None,
    response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
    response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
    response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
    response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
    include_in_schema: bool = True,
    response_class: Type[Response] = Default(JSONResponse),
    name: Optional[str] = None,
    callbacks: Optional[List[BaseRoute]] = None,
    openapi_extra: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
    generate_unique_id_function: Callable[[APIRoute], str] = Default(
        generate_unique_id
    ),
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    def decorator(func: DecoratedCallable) -> DecoratedCallable:
        self.add_api_route(
            path,
            func,
            response_model=response_model,
            status_code=status_code,
            tags=tags,
            dependencies=dependencies,
            summary=summary,
            description=description,
            response_description=response_description,
            responses=responses,
            deprecated=deprecated,
            methods=methods,
            operation_id=operation_id,
            response_model_include=response_model_include,
            response_model_exclude=response_model_exclude,
            response_model_by_alias=response_model_by_alias,
            response_model_exclude_unset=response_model_exclude_unset,
            response_model_exclude_defaults=response_model_exclude_defaults,
            response_model_exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
            include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
            response_class=response_class,
            name=name,
            callbacks=callbacks,
            openapi_extra=openapi_extra,
            generate_unique_id_function=generate_unique_id_function,
        )
        return func

    return decorator

add_api_websocket_route #

add_api_websocket_route(path, endpoint, name=None, *, dependencies=None)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
def add_api_websocket_route(
    self,
    path: str,
    endpoint: Callable[..., Any],
    name: Optional[str] = None,
    *,
    dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
) -> None:
    current_dependencies = self.dependencies.copy()
    if dependencies:
        current_dependencies.extend(dependencies)

    route = APIWebSocketRoute(
        self.prefix + path,
        endpoint=endpoint,
        name=name,
        dependencies=current_dependencies,
        dependency_overrides_provider=self.dependency_overrides_provider,
    )
    self.routes.append(route)

websocket #

websocket(path, name=None, *, dependencies=None)

Decorate a WebSocket function.

Read more about it in the FastAPI docs for WebSockets.

Example

Example#
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI, WebSocket

app = FastAPI()
router = APIRouter()

@router.websocket("/ws")
async def websocket_endpoint(websocket: WebSocket):
    await websocket.accept()
    while True:
        data = await websocket.receive_text()
        await websocket.send_text(f"Message text was: {data}")

app.include_router(router)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
def websocket(
    self,
    path: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            WebSocket path.
            """
        ),
    ],
    name: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A name for the WebSocket. Only used internally.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    *,
    dependencies: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of dependencies (using `Depends()`) to be used for this
            WebSocket.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for WebSockets](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/websockets/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    """
    Decorate a WebSocket function.

    Read more about it in the
    [FastAPI docs for WebSockets](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/websockets/).

    **Example**

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI, WebSocket

    app = FastAPI()
    router = APIRouter()

    @router.websocket("/ws")
    async def websocket_endpoint(websocket: WebSocket):
        await websocket.accept()
        while True:
            data = await websocket.receive_text()
            await websocket.send_text(f"Message text was: {data}")

    app.include_router(router)
    ```
    """

    def decorator(func: DecoratedCallable) -> DecoratedCallable:
        self.add_api_websocket_route(
            path, func, name=name, dependencies=dependencies
        )
        return func

    return decorator

include_router #

include_router(router, *, prefix='', tags=None, dependencies=None, default_response_class=Default(JSONResponse), responses=None, callbacks=None, deprecated=None, include_in_schema=True, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))

Includes a router in the API.

Source code in faststream/broker/fastapi/router.py
def include_router(  # type: ignore[override]
    self,
    router: Union["StreamRouter[MsgType]", "BrokerRouter[MsgType]"],
    *,
    prefix: str = "",
    tags: Optional[List[Union[str, Enum]]] = None,
    dependencies: Optional[Sequence["params.Depends"]] = None,
    default_response_class: Type[Response] = Default(JSONResponse),
    responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], "AnyDict"]] = None,
    callbacks: Optional[List["BaseRoute"]] = None,
    deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
    include_in_schema: bool = True,
    generate_unique_id_function: Callable[["APIRoute"], str] = Default(
        generate_unique_id
    ),
) -> None:
    """Includes a router in the API."""
    if isinstance(router, BrokerRouter):
        for sub in router._subscribers.values():
            sub._call_decorators = (  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
                self._add_api_mq_route(
                    dependencies=(),
                    response_model=Default(None),
                    response_model_include=None,
                    response_model_exclude=None,
                    response_model_by_alias=True,
                    response_model_exclude_unset=False,
                    response_model_exclude_defaults=False,
                    response_model_exclude_none=False,
                ),
            )

        self.broker.include_router(router)
        return

    if isinstance(router, StreamRouter):  # pragma: no branch
        router.lifespan_context = fake_context
        self.broker.include_router(router.broker)
        router.weak_dependencies_provider = self.weak_dependencies_provider

    super().include_router(
        router=router,
        prefix=prefix,
        tags=tags,
        dependencies=dependencies,
        default_response_class=default_response_class,
        responses=responses,
        callbacks=callbacks,
        deprecated=deprecated,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
        generate_unique_id_function=generate_unique_id_function,
    )

get #

get(path, *, response_model=Default(None), status_code=None, tags=None, dependencies=None, summary=None, description=None, response_description='Successful Response', responses=None, deprecated=None, operation_id=None, response_model_include=None, response_model_exclude=None, response_model_by_alias=True, response_model_exclude_unset=False, response_model_exclude_defaults=False, response_model_exclude_none=False, include_in_schema=True, response_class=Default(JSONResponse), name=None, callbacks=None, openapi_extra=None, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))

Add a path operation using an HTTP GET operation.

Example#
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI

app = FastAPI()
router = APIRouter()

@router.get("/items/")
def read_items():
    return [{"name": "Empanada"}, {"name": "Arepa"}]

app.include_router(router)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
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def get(
    self,
    path: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The URL path to be used for this *path operation*.

            For example, in `http://example.com/items`, the path is `/items`.
            """
        ),
    ],
    *,
    response_model: Annotated[
        Any,
        Doc(
            """
            The type to use for the response.

            It could be any valid Pydantic *field* type. So, it doesn't have to
            be a Pydantic model, it could be other things, like a `list`, `dict`,
            etc.

            It will be used for:

            * Documentation: the generated OpenAPI (and the UI at `/docs`) will
                show it as the response (JSON Schema).
            * Serialization: you could return an arbitrary object and the
                `response_model` would be used to serialize that object into the
                corresponding JSON.
            * Filtering: the JSON sent to the client will only contain the data
                (fields) defined in the `response_model`. If you returned an object
                that contains an attribute `password` but the `response_model` does
                not include that field, the JSON sent to the client would not have
                that `password`.
            * Validation: whatever you return will be serialized with the
                `response_model`, converting any data as necessary to generate the
                corresponding JSON. But if the data in the object returned is not
                valid, that would mean a violation of the contract with the client,
                so it's an error from the API developer. So, FastAPI will raise an
                error and return a 500 error code (Internal Server Error).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(None),
    status_code: Annotated[
        Optional[int],
        Doc(
            """
            The default status code to be used for the response.

            You could override the status code by returning a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Status Code](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-status-code/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    tags: Annotated[
        Optional[List[Union[str, Enum]]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of tags to be applied to the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/#tags).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    dependencies: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of dependencies (using `Depends()`) to be applied to the
            *path operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Dependencies in path operation decorators](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    summary: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A summary for the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    description: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A description for the *path operation*.

            If not provided, it will be extracted automatically from the docstring
            of the *path operation function*.

            It can contain Markdown.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_description: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The description for the default response.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = "Successful Response",
    responses: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]],
        Doc(
            """
            Additional responses that could be returned by this *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    deprecated: Annotated[
        Optional[bool],
        Doc(
            """
            Mark this *path operation* as deprecated.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    operation_id: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Custom operation ID to be used by this *path operation*.

            By default, it is generated automatically.

            If you provide a custom operation ID, you need to make sure it is
            unique for the whole API.

            You can customize the
            operation ID generation with the parameter
            `generate_unique_id_function` in the `FastAPI` class.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_include: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to include only certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_exclude: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to exclude certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_by_alias: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response model
            should be serialized by alias when an alias is used.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_model_exclude_unset: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that were not set and
            have their default values. This is different from
            `response_model_exclude_defaults` in that if the fields are set,
            they will be included in the response, even if the value is the same
            as the default.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_defaults: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that have the same value
            as the default. This is different from `response_model_exclude_unset`
            in that if the fields are set but contain the same default values,
            they will be excluded from the response.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_none: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data should
            exclude fields set to `None`.

            This is much simpler (less smart) than `response_model_exclude_unset`
            and `response_model_exclude_defaults`. You probably want to use one of
            those two instead of this one, as those allow returning `None` values
            when it makes sense.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_exclude_none).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    include_in_schema: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Include this *path operation* in the generated OpenAPI schema.

            This affects the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Query Parameters and String Validations](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/query-params-str-validations/#exclude-from-openapi).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_class: Annotated[
        Type[Response],
        Doc(
            """
            Response class to be used for this *path operation*.

            This will not be used if you return a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#redirectresponse).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(JSONResponse),
    name: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Name for this *path operation*. Only used internally.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    callbacks: Annotated[
        Optional[List[BaseRoute]],
        Doc(
            """
            List of *path operations* that will be used as OpenAPI callbacks.

            This is only for OpenAPI documentation, the callbacks won't be used
            directly.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for OpenAPI Callbacks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/openapi-callbacks/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    openapi_extra: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
        Doc(
            """
            Extra metadata to be included in the OpenAPI schema for this *path
            operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Advanced Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/path-operation-advanced-configuration/#custom-openapi-path-operation-schema).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    generate_unique_id_function: Annotated[
        Callable[[APIRoute], str],
        Doc(
            """
            Customize the function used to generate unique IDs for the *path
            operations* shown in the generated OpenAPI.

            This is particularly useful when automatically generating clients or
            SDKs for your API.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(generate_unique_id),
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    """
    Add a *path operation* using an HTTP GET operation.

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI

    app = FastAPI()
    router = APIRouter()

    @router.get("/items/")
    def read_items():
        return [{"name": "Empanada"}, {"name": "Arepa"}]

    app.include_router(router)
    ```
    """
    return self.api_route(
        path=path,
        response_model=response_model,
        status_code=status_code,
        tags=tags,
        dependencies=dependencies,
        summary=summary,
        description=description,
        response_description=response_description,
        responses=responses,
        deprecated=deprecated,
        methods=["GET"],
        operation_id=operation_id,
        response_model_include=response_model_include,
        response_model_exclude=response_model_exclude,
        response_model_by_alias=response_model_by_alias,
        response_model_exclude_unset=response_model_exclude_unset,
        response_model_exclude_defaults=response_model_exclude_defaults,
        response_model_exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
        response_class=response_class,
        name=name,
        callbacks=callbacks,
        openapi_extra=openapi_extra,
        generate_unique_id_function=generate_unique_id_function,
    )

put #

put(path, *, response_model=Default(None), status_code=None, tags=None, dependencies=None, summary=None, description=None, response_description='Successful Response', responses=None, deprecated=None, operation_id=None, response_model_include=None, response_model_exclude=None, response_model_by_alias=True, response_model_exclude_unset=False, response_model_exclude_defaults=False, response_model_exclude_none=False, include_in_schema=True, response_class=Default(JSONResponse), name=None, callbacks=None, openapi_extra=None, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))

Add a path operation using an HTTP PUT operation.

Example#
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None

app = FastAPI()
router = APIRouter()

@router.put("/items/{item_id}")
def replace_item(item_id: str, item: Item):
    return {"message": "Item replaced", "id": item_id}

app.include_router(router)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
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def put(
    self,
    path: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The URL path to be used for this *path operation*.

            For example, in `http://example.com/items`, the path is `/items`.
            """
        ),
    ],
    *,
    response_model: Annotated[
        Any,
        Doc(
            """
            The type to use for the response.

            It could be any valid Pydantic *field* type. So, it doesn't have to
            be a Pydantic model, it could be other things, like a `list`, `dict`,
            etc.

            It will be used for:

            * Documentation: the generated OpenAPI (and the UI at `/docs`) will
                show it as the response (JSON Schema).
            * Serialization: you could return an arbitrary object and the
                `response_model` would be used to serialize that object into the
                corresponding JSON.
            * Filtering: the JSON sent to the client will only contain the data
                (fields) defined in the `response_model`. If you returned an object
                that contains an attribute `password` but the `response_model` does
                not include that field, the JSON sent to the client would not have
                that `password`.
            * Validation: whatever you return will be serialized with the
                `response_model`, converting any data as necessary to generate the
                corresponding JSON. But if the data in the object returned is not
                valid, that would mean a violation of the contract with the client,
                so it's an error from the API developer. So, FastAPI will raise an
                error and return a 500 error code (Internal Server Error).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(None),
    status_code: Annotated[
        Optional[int],
        Doc(
            """
            The default status code to be used for the response.

            You could override the status code by returning a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Status Code](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-status-code/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    tags: Annotated[
        Optional[List[Union[str, Enum]]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of tags to be applied to the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/#tags).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    dependencies: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of dependencies (using `Depends()`) to be applied to the
            *path operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Dependencies in path operation decorators](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    summary: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A summary for the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    description: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A description for the *path operation*.

            If not provided, it will be extracted automatically from the docstring
            of the *path operation function*.

            It can contain Markdown.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_description: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The description for the default response.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = "Successful Response",
    responses: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]],
        Doc(
            """
            Additional responses that could be returned by this *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    deprecated: Annotated[
        Optional[bool],
        Doc(
            """
            Mark this *path operation* as deprecated.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    operation_id: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Custom operation ID to be used by this *path operation*.

            By default, it is generated automatically.

            If you provide a custom operation ID, you need to make sure it is
            unique for the whole API.

            You can customize the
            operation ID generation with the parameter
            `generate_unique_id_function` in the `FastAPI` class.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_include: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to include only certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_exclude: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to exclude certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_by_alias: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response model
            should be serialized by alias when an alias is used.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_model_exclude_unset: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that were not set and
            have their default values. This is different from
            `response_model_exclude_defaults` in that if the fields are set,
            they will be included in the response, even if the value is the same
            as the default.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_defaults: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that have the same value
            as the default. This is different from `response_model_exclude_unset`
            in that if the fields are set but contain the same default values,
            they will be excluded from the response.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_none: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data should
            exclude fields set to `None`.

            This is much simpler (less smart) than `response_model_exclude_unset`
            and `response_model_exclude_defaults`. You probably want to use one of
            those two instead of this one, as those allow returning `None` values
            when it makes sense.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_exclude_none).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    include_in_schema: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Include this *path operation* in the generated OpenAPI schema.

            This affects the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Query Parameters and String Validations](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/query-params-str-validations/#exclude-from-openapi).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_class: Annotated[
        Type[Response],
        Doc(
            """
            Response class to be used for this *path operation*.

            This will not be used if you return a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#redirectresponse).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(JSONResponse),
    name: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Name for this *path operation*. Only used internally.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    callbacks: Annotated[
        Optional[List[BaseRoute]],
        Doc(
            """
            List of *path operations* that will be used as OpenAPI callbacks.

            This is only for OpenAPI documentation, the callbacks won't be used
            directly.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for OpenAPI Callbacks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/openapi-callbacks/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    openapi_extra: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
        Doc(
            """
            Extra metadata to be included in the OpenAPI schema for this *path
            operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Advanced Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/path-operation-advanced-configuration/#custom-openapi-path-operation-schema).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    generate_unique_id_function: Annotated[
        Callable[[APIRoute], str],
        Doc(
            """
            Customize the function used to generate unique IDs for the *path
            operations* shown in the generated OpenAPI.

            This is particularly useful when automatically generating clients or
            SDKs for your API.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(generate_unique_id),
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    """
    Add a *path operation* using an HTTP PUT operation.

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
    from pydantic import BaseModel

    class Item(BaseModel):
        name: str
        description: str | None = None

    app = FastAPI()
    router = APIRouter()

    @router.put("/items/{item_id}")
    def replace_item(item_id: str, item: Item):
        return {"message": "Item replaced", "id": item_id}

    app.include_router(router)
    ```
    """
    return self.api_route(
        path=path,
        response_model=response_model,
        status_code=status_code,
        tags=tags,
        dependencies=dependencies,
        summary=summary,
        description=description,
        response_description=response_description,
        responses=responses,
        deprecated=deprecated,
        methods=["PUT"],
        operation_id=operation_id,
        response_model_include=response_model_include,
        response_model_exclude=response_model_exclude,
        response_model_by_alias=response_model_by_alias,
        response_model_exclude_unset=response_model_exclude_unset,
        response_model_exclude_defaults=response_model_exclude_defaults,
        response_model_exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
        response_class=response_class,
        name=name,
        callbacks=callbacks,
        openapi_extra=openapi_extra,
        generate_unique_id_function=generate_unique_id_function,
    )

post #

post(path, *, response_model=Default(None), status_code=None, tags=None, dependencies=None, summary=None, description=None, response_description='Successful Response', responses=None, deprecated=None, operation_id=None, response_model_include=None, response_model_exclude=None, response_model_by_alias=True, response_model_exclude_unset=False, response_model_exclude_defaults=False, response_model_exclude_none=False, include_in_schema=True, response_class=Default(JSONResponse), name=None, callbacks=None, openapi_extra=None, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))

Add a path operation using an HTTP POST operation.

Example#
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None

app = FastAPI()
router = APIRouter()

@router.post("/items/")
def create_item(item: Item):
    return {"message": "Item created"}

app.include_router(router)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
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def post(
    self,
    path: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The URL path to be used for this *path operation*.

            For example, in `http://example.com/items`, the path is `/items`.
            """
        ),
    ],
    *,
    response_model: Annotated[
        Any,
        Doc(
            """
            The type to use for the response.

            It could be any valid Pydantic *field* type. So, it doesn't have to
            be a Pydantic model, it could be other things, like a `list`, `dict`,
            etc.

            It will be used for:

            * Documentation: the generated OpenAPI (and the UI at `/docs`) will
                show it as the response (JSON Schema).
            * Serialization: you could return an arbitrary object and the
                `response_model` would be used to serialize that object into the
                corresponding JSON.
            * Filtering: the JSON sent to the client will only contain the data
                (fields) defined in the `response_model`. If you returned an object
                that contains an attribute `password` but the `response_model` does
                not include that field, the JSON sent to the client would not have
                that `password`.
            * Validation: whatever you return will be serialized with the
                `response_model`, converting any data as necessary to generate the
                corresponding JSON. But if the data in the object returned is not
                valid, that would mean a violation of the contract with the client,
                so it's an error from the API developer. So, FastAPI will raise an
                error and return a 500 error code (Internal Server Error).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(None),
    status_code: Annotated[
        Optional[int],
        Doc(
            """
            The default status code to be used for the response.

            You could override the status code by returning a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Status Code](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-status-code/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    tags: Annotated[
        Optional[List[Union[str, Enum]]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of tags to be applied to the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/#tags).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    dependencies: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of dependencies (using `Depends()`) to be applied to the
            *path operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Dependencies in path operation decorators](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    summary: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A summary for the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    description: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A description for the *path operation*.

            If not provided, it will be extracted automatically from the docstring
            of the *path operation function*.

            It can contain Markdown.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_description: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The description for the default response.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = "Successful Response",
    responses: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]],
        Doc(
            """
            Additional responses that could be returned by this *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    deprecated: Annotated[
        Optional[bool],
        Doc(
            """
            Mark this *path operation* as deprecated.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    operation_id: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Custom operation ID to be used by this *path operation*.

            By default, it is generated automatically.

            If you provide a custom operation ID, you need to make sure it is
            unique for the whole API.

            You can customize the
            operation ID generation with the parameter
            `generate_unique_id_function` in the `FastAPI` class.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_include: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to include only certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_exclude: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to exclude certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_by_alias: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response model
            should be serialized by alias when an alias is used.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_model_exclude_unset: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that were not set and
            have their default values. This is different from
            `response_model_exclude_defaults` in that if the fields are set,
            they will be included in the response, even if the value is the same
            as the default.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_defaults: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that have the same value
            as the default. This is different from `response_model_exclude_unset`
            in that if the fields are set but contain the same default values,
            they will be excluded from the response.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_none: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data should
            exclude fields set to `None`.

            This is much simpler (less smart) than `response_model_exclude_unset`
            and `response_model_exclude_defaults`. You probably want to use one of
            those two instead of this one, as those allow returning `None` values
            when it makes sense.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_exclude_none).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    include_in_schema: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Include this *path operation* in the generated OpenAPI schema.

            This affects the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Query Parameters and String Validations](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/query-params-str-validations/#exclude-from-openapi).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_class: Annotated[
        Type[Response],
        Doc(
            """
            Response class to be used for this *path operation*.

            This will not be used if you return a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#redirectresponse).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(JSONResponse),
    name: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Name for this *path operation*. Only used internally.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    callbacks: Annotated[
        Optional[List[BaseRoute]],
        Doc(
            """
            List of *path operations* that will be used as OpenAPI callbacks.

            This is only for OpenAPI documentation, the callbacks won't be used
            directly.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for OpenAPI Callbacks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/openapi-callbacks/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    openapi_extra: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
        Doc(
            """
            Extra metadata to be included in the OpenAPI schema for this *path
            operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Advanced Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/path-operation-advanced-configuration/#custom-openapi-path-operation-schema).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    generate_unique_id_function: Annotated[
        Callable[[APIRoute], str],
        Doc(
            """
            Customize the function used to generate unique IDs for the *path
            operations* shown in the generated OpenAPI.

            This is particularly useful when automatically generating clients or
            SDKs for your API.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(generate_unique_id),
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    """
    Add a *path operation* using an HTTP POST operation.

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
    from pydantic import BaseModel

    class Item(BaseModel):
        name: str
        description: str | None = None

    app = FastAPI()
    router = APIRouter()

    @router.post("/items/")
    def create_item(item: Item):
        return {"message": "Item created"}

    app.include_router(router)
    ```
    """
    return self.api_route(
        path=path,
        response_model=response_model,
        status_code=status_code,
        tags=tags,
        dependencies=dependencies,
        summary=summary,
        description=description,
        response_description=response_description,
        responses=responses,
        deprecated=deprecated,
        methods=["POST"],
        operation_id=operation_id,
        response_model_include=response_model_include,
        response_model_exclude=response_model_exclude,
        response_model_by_alias=response_model_by_alias,
        response_model_exclude_unset=response_model_exclude_unset,
        response_model_exclude_defaults=response_model_exclude_defaults,
        response_model_exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
        response_class=response_class,
        name=name,
        callbacks=callbacks,
        openapi_extra=openapi_extra,
        generate_unique_id_function=generate_unique_id_function,
    )

delete #

delete(path, *, response_model=Default(None), status_code=None, tags=None, dependencies=None, summary=None, description=None, response_description='Successful Response', responses=None, deprecated=None, operation_id=None, response_model_include=None, response_model_exclude=None, response_model_by_alias=True, response_model_exclude_unset=False, response_model_exclude_defaults=False, response_model_exclude_none=False, include_in_schema=True, response_class=Default(JSONResponse), name=None, callbacks=None, openapi_extra=None, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))

Add a path operation using an HTTP DELETE operation.

Example#
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI

app = FastAPI()
router = APIRouter()

@router.delete("/items/{item_id}")
def delete_item(item_id: str):
    return {"message": "Item deleted"}

app.include_router(router)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
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def delete(
    self,
    path: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The URL path to be used for this *path operation*.

            For example, in `http://example.com/items`, the path is `/items`.
            """
        ),
    ],
    *,
    response_model: Annotated[
        Any,
        Doc(
            """
            The type to use for the response.

            It could be any valid Pydantic *field* type. So, it doesn't have to
            be a Pydantic model, it could be other things, like a `list`, `dict`,
            etc.

            It will be used for:

            * Documentation: the generated OpenAPI (and the UI at `/docs`) will
                show it as the response (JSON Schema).
            * Serialization: you could return an arbitrary object and the
                `response_model` would be used to serialize that object into the
                corresponding JSON.
            * Filtering: the JSON sent to the client will only contain the data
                (fields) defined in the `response_model`. If you returned an object
                that contains an attribute `password` but the `response_model` does
                not include that field, the JSON sent to the client would not have
                that `password`.
            * Validation: whatever you return will be serialized with the
                `response_model`, converting any data as necessary to generate the
                corresponding JSON. But if the data in the object returned is not
                valid, that would mean a violation of the contract with the client,
                so it's an error from the API developer. So, FastAPI will raise an
                error and return a 500 error code (Internal Server Error).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(None),
    status_code: Annotated[
        Optional[int],
        Doc(
            """
            The default status code to be used for the response.

            You could override the status code by returning a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Status Code](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-status-code/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    tags: Annotated[
        Optional[List[Union[str, Enum]]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of tags to be applied to the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/#tags).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    dependencies: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of dependencies (using `Depends()`) to be applied to the
            *path operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Dependencies in path operation decorators](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    summary: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A summary for the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    description: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A description for the *path operation*.

            If not provided, it will be extracted automatically from the docstring
            of the *path operation function*.

            It can contain Markdown.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_description: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The description for the default response.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = "Successful Response",
    responses: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]],
        Doc(
            """
            Additional responses that could be returned by this *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    deprecated: Annotated[
        Optional[bool],
        Doc(
            """
            Mark this *path operation* as deprecated.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    operation_id: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Custom operation ID to be used by this *path operation*.

            By default, it is generated automatically.

            If you provide a custom operation ID, you need to make sure it is
            unique for the whole API.

            You can customize the
            operation ID generation with the parameter
            `generate_unique_id_function` in the `FastAPI` class.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_include: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to include only certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_exclude: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to exclude certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_by_alias: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response model
            should be serialized by alias when an alias is used.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_model_exclude_unset: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that were not set and
            have their default values. This is different from
            `response_model_exclude_defaults` in that if the fields are set,
            they will be included in the response, even if the value is the same
            as the default.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_defaults: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that have the same value
            as the default. This is different from `response_model_exclude_unset`
            in that if the fields are set but contain the same default values,
            they will be excluded from the response.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_none: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data should
            exclude fields set to `None`.

            This is much simpler (less smart) than `response_model_exclude_unset`
            and `response_model_exclude_defaults`. You probably want to use one of
            those two instead of this one, as those allow returning `None` values
            when it makes sense.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_exclude_none).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    include_in_schema: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Include this *path operation* in the generated OpenAPI schema.

            This affects the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Query Parameters and String Validations](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/query-params-str-validations/#exclude-from-openapi).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_class: Annotated[
        Type[Response],
        Doc(
            """
            Response class to be used for this *path operation*.

            This will not be used if you return a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#redirectresponse).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(JSONResponse),
    name: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Name for this *path operation*. Only used internally.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    callbacks: Annotated[
        Optional[List[BaseRoute]],
        Doc(
            """
            List of *path operations* that will be used as OpenAPI callbacks.

            This is only for OpenAPI documentation, the callbacks won't be used
            directly.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for OpenAPI Callbacks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/openapi-callbacks/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    openapi_extra: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
        Doc(
            """
            Extra metadata to be included in the OpenAPI schema for this *path
            operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Advanced Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/path-operation-advanced-configuration/#custom-openapi-path-operation-schema).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    generate_unique_id_function: Annotated[
        Callable[[APIRoute], str],
        Doc(
            """
            Customize the function used to generate unique IDs for the *path
            operations* shown in the generated OpenAPI.

            This is particularly useful when automatically generating clients or
            SDKs for your API.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(generate_unique_id),
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    """
    Add a *path operation* using an HTTP DELETE operation.

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI

    app = FastAPI()
    router = APIRouter()

    @router.delete("/items/{item_id}")
    def delete_item(item_id: str):
        return {"message": "Item deleted"}

    app.include_router(router)
    ```
    """
    return self.api_route(
        path=path,
        response_model=response_model,
        status_code=status_code,
        tags=tags,
        dependencies=dependencies,
        summary=summary,
        description=description,
        response_description=response_description,
        responses=responses,
        deprecated=deprecated,
        methods=["DELETE"],
        operation_id=operation_id,
        response_model_include=response_model_include,
        response_model_exclude=response_model_exclude,
        response_model_by_alias=response_model_by_alias,
        response_model_exclude_unset=response_model_exclude_unset,
        response_model_exclude_defaults=response_model_exclude_defaults,
        response_model_exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
        response_class=response_class,
        name=name,
        callbacks=callbacks,
        openapi_extra=openapi_extra,
        generate_unique_id_function=generate_unique_id_function,
    )

options #

options(path, *, response_model=Default(None), status_code=None, tags=None, dependencies=None, summary=None, description=None, response_description='Successful Response', responses=None, deprecated=None, operation_id=None, response_model_include=None, response_model_exclude=None, response_model_by_alias=True, response_model_exclude_unset=False, response_model_exclude_defaults=False, response_model_exclude_none=False, include_in_schema=True, response_class=Default(JSONResponse), name=None, callbacks=None, openapi_extra=None, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))

Add a path operation using an HTTP OPTIONS operation.

Example#
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI

app = FastAPI()
router = APIRouter()

@router.options("/items/")
def get_item_options():
    return {"additions": ["Aji", "Guacamole"]}

app.include_router(router)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
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def options(
    self,
    path: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The URL path to be used for this *path operation*.

            For example, in `http://example.com/items`, the path is `/items`.
            """
        ),
    ],
    *,
    response_model: Annotated[
        Any,
        Doc(
            """
            The type to use for the response.

            It could be any valid Pydantic *field* type. So, it doesn't have to
            be a Pydantic model, it could be other things, like a `list`, `dict`,
            etc.

            It will be used for:

            * Documentation: the generated OpenAPI (and the UI at `/docs`) will
                show it as the response (JSON Schema).
            * Serialization: you could return an arbitrary object and the
                `response_model` would be used to serialize that object into the
                corresponding JSON.
            * Filtering: the JSON sent to the client will only contain the data
                (fields) defined in the `response_model`. If you returned an object
                that contains an attribute `password` but the `response_model` does
                not include that field, the JSON sent to the client would not have
                that `password`.
            * Validation: whatever you return will be serialized with the
                `response_model`, converting any data as necessary to generate the
                corresponding JSON. But if the data in the object returned is not
                valid, that would mean a violation of the contract with the client,
                so it's an error from the API developer. So, FastAPI will raise an
                error and return a 500 error code (Internal Server Error).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(None),
    status_code: Annotated[
        Optional[int],
        Doc(
            """
            The default status code to be used for the response.

            You could override the status code by returning a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Status Code](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-status-code/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    tags: Annotated[
        Optional[List[Union[str, Enum]]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of tags to be applied to the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/#tags).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    dependencies: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of dependencies (using `Depends()`) to be applied to the
            *path operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Dependencies in path operation decorators](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    summary: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A summary for the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    description: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A description for the *path operation*.

            If not provided, it will be extracted automatically from the docstring
            of the *path operation function*.

            It can contain Markdown.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_description: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The description for the default response.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = "Successful Response",
    responses: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]],
        Doc(
            """
            Additional responses that could be returned by this *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    deprecated: Annotated[
        Optional[bool],
        Doc(
            """
            Mark this *path operation* as deprecated.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    operation_id: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Custom operation ID to be used by this *path operation*.

            By default, it is generated automatically.

            If you provide a custom operation ID, you need to make sure it is
            unique for the whole API.

            You can customize the
            operation ID generation with the parameter
            `generate_unique_id_function` in the `FastAPI` class.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_include: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to include only certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_exclude: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to exclude certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_by_alias: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response model
            should be serialized by alias when an alias is used.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_model_exclude_unset: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that were not set and
            have their default values. This is different from
            `response_model_exclude_defaults` in that if the fields are set,
            they will be included in the response, even if the value is the same
            as the default.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_defaults: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that have the same value
            as the default. This is different from `response_model_exclude_unset`
            in that if the fields are set but contain the same default values,
            they will be excluded from the response.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_none: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data should
            exclude fields set to `None`.

            This is much simpler (less smart) than `response_model_exclude_unset`
            and `response_model_exclude_defaults`. You probably want to use one of
            those two instead of this one, as those allow returning `None` values
            when it makes sense.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_exclude_none).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    include_in_schema: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Include this *path operation* in the generated OpenAPI schema.

            This affects the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Query Parameters and String Validations](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/query-params-str-validations/#exclude-from-openapi).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_class: Annotated[
        Type[Response],
        Doc(
            """
            Response class to be used for this *path operation*.

            This will not be used if you return a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#redirectresponse).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(JSONResponse),
    name: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Name for this *path operation*. Only used internally.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    callbacks: Annotated[
        Optional[List[BaseRoute]],
        Doc(
            """
            List of *path operations* that will be used as OpenAPI callbacks.

            This is only for OpenAPI documentation, the callbacks won't be used
            directly.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for OpenAPI Callbacks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/openapi-callbacks/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    openapi_extra: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
        Doc(
            """
            Extra metadata to be included in the OpenAPI schema for this *path
            operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Advanced Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/path-operation-advanced-configuration/#custom-openapi-path-operation-schema).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    generate_unique_id_function: Annotated[
        Callable[[APIRoute], str],
        Doc(
            """
            Customize the function used to generate unique IDs for the *path
            operations* shown in the generated OpenAPI.

            This is particularly useful when automatically generating clients or
            SDKs for your API.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(generate_unique_id),
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    """
    Add a *path operation* using an HTTP OPTIONS operation.

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI

    app = FastAPI()
    router = APIRouter()

    @router.options("/items/")
    def get_item_options():
        return {"additions": ["Aji", "Guacamole"]}

    app.include_router(router)
    ```
    """
    return self.api_route(
        path=path,
        response_model=response_model,
        status_code=status_code,
        tags=tags,
        dependencies=dependencies,
        summary=summary,
        description=description,
        response_description=response_description,
        responses=responses,
        deprecated=deprecated,
        methods=["OPTIONS"],
        operation_id=operation_id,
        response_model_include=response_model_include,
        response_model_exclude=response_model_exclude,
        response_model_by_alias=response_model_by_alias,
        response_model_exclude_unset=response_model_exclude_unset,
        response_model_exclude_defaults=response_model_exclude_defaults,
        response_model_exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
        response_class=response_class,
        name=name,
        callbacks=callbacks,
        openapi_extra=openapi_extra,
        generate_unique_id_function=generate_unique_id_function,
    )

head #

head(path, *, response_model=Default(None), status_code=None, tags=None, dependencies=None, summary=None, description=None, response_description='Successful Response', responses=None, deprecated=None, operation_id=None, response_model_include=None, response_model_exclude=None, response_model_by_alias=True, response_model_exclude_unset=False, response_model_exclude_defaults=False, response_model_exclude_none=False, include_in_schema=True, response_class=Default(JSONResponse), name=None, callbacks=None, openapi_extra=None, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))

Add a path operation using an HTTP HEAD operation.

Example#
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None

app = FastAPI()
router = APIRouter()

@router.head("/items/", status_code=204)
def get_items_headers(response: Response):
    response.headers["X-Cat-Dog"] = "Alone in the world"

app.include_router(router)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
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def head(
    self,
    path: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The URL path to be used for this *path operation*.

            For example, in `http://example.com/items`, the path is `/items`.
            """
        ),
    ],
    *,
    response_model: Annotated[
        Any,
        Doc(
            """
            The type to use for the response.

            It could be any valid Pydantic *field* type. So, it doesn't have to
            be a Pydantic model, it could be other things, like a `list`, `dict`,
            etc.

            It will be used for:

            * Documentation: the generated OpenAPI (and the UI at `/docs`) will
                show it as the response (JSON Schema).
            * Serialization: you could return an arbitrary object and the
                `response_model` would be used to serialize that object into the
                corresponding JSON.
            * Filtering: the JSON sent to the client will only contain the data
                (fields) defined in the `response_model`. If you returned an object
                that contains an attribute `password` but the `response_model` does
                not include that field, the JSON sent to the client would not have
                that `password`.
            * Validation: whatever you return will be serialized with the
                `response_model`, converting any data as necessary to generate the
                corresponding JSON. But if the data in the object returned is not
                valid, that would mean a violation of the contract with the client,
                so it's an error from the API developer. So, FastAPI will raise an
                error and return a 500 error code (Internal Server Error).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(None),
    status_code: Annotated[
        Optional[int],
        Doc(
            """
            The default status code to be used for the response.

            You could override the status code by returning a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Status Code](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-status-code/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    tags: Annotated[
        Optional[List[Union[str, Enum]]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of tags to be applied to the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/#tags).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    dependencies: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of dependencies (using `Depends()`) to be applied to the
            *path operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Dependencies in path operation decorators](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    summary: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A summary for the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    description: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A description for the *path operation*.

            If not provided, it will be extracted automatically from the docstring
            of the *path operation function*.

            It can contain Markdown.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_description: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The description for the default response.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = "Successful Response",
    responses: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]],
        Doc(
            """
            Additional responses that could be returned by this *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    deprecated: Annotated[
        Optional[bool],
        Doc(
            """
            Mark this *path operation* as deprecated.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    operation_id: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Custom operation ID to be used by this *path operation*.

            By default, it is generated automatically.

            If you provide a custom operation ID, you need to make sure it is
            unique for the whole API.

            You can customize the
            operation ID generation with the parameter
            `generate_unique_id_function` in the `FastAPI` class.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_include: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to include only certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_exclude: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to exclude certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_by_alias: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response model
            should be serialized by alias when an alias is used.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_model_exclude_unset: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that were not set and
            have their default values. This is different from
            `response_model_exclude_defaults` in that if the fields are set,
            they will be included in the response, even if the value is the same
            as the default.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_defaults: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that have the same value
            as the default. This is different from `response_model_exclude_unset`
            in that if the fields are set but contain the same default values,
            they will be excluded from the response.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_none: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data should
            exclude fields set to `None`.

            This is much simpler (less smart) than `response_model_exclude_unset`
            and `response_model_exclude_defaults`. You probably want to use one of
            those two instead of this one, as those allow returning `None` values
            when it makes sense.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_exclude_none).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    include_in_schema: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Include this *path operation* in the generated OpenAPI schema.

            This affects the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Query Parameters and String Validations](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/query-params-str-validations/#exclude-from-openapi).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_class: Annotated[
        Type[Response],
        Doc(
            """
            Response class to be used for this *path operation*.

            This will not be used if you return a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#redirectresponse).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(JSONResponse),
    name: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Name for this *path operation*. Only used internally.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    callbacks: Annotated[
        Optional[List[BaseRoute]],
        Doc(
            """
            List of *path operations* that will be used as OpenAPI callbacks.

            This is only for OpenAPI documentation, the callbacks won't be used
            directly.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for OpenAPI Callbacks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/openapi-callbacks/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    openapi_extra: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
        Doc(
            """
            Extra metadata to be included in the OpenAPI schema for this *path
            operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Advanced Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/path-operation-advanced-configuration/#custom-openapi-path-operation-schema).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    generate_unique_id_function: Annotated[
        Callable[[APIRoute], str],
        Doc(
            """
            Customize the function used to generate unique IDs for the *path
            operations* shown in the generated OpenAPI.

            This is particularly useful when automatically generating clients or
            SDKs for your API.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(generate_unique_id),
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    """
    Add a *path operation* using an HTTP HEAD operation.

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
    from pydantic import BaseModel

    class Item(BaseModel):
        name: str
        description: str | None = None

    app = FastAPI()
    router = APIRouter()

    @router.head("/items/", status_code=204)
    def get_items_headers(response: Response):
        response.headers["X-Cat-Dog"] = "Alone in the world"

    app.include_router(router)
    ```
    """
    return self.api_route(
        path=path,
        response_model=response_model,
        status_code=status_code,
        tags=tags,
        dependencies=dependencies,
        summary=summary,
        description=description,
        response_description=response_description,
        responses=responses,
        deprecated=deprecated,
        methods=["HEAD"],
        operation_id=operation_id,
        response_model_include=response_model_include,
        response_model_exclude=response_model_exclude,
        response_model_by_alias=response_model_by_alias,
        response_model_exclude_unset=response_model_exclude_unset,
        response_model_exclude_defaults=response_model_exclude_defaults,
        response_model_exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
        response_class=response_class,
        name=name,
        callbacks=callbacks,
        openapi_extra=openapi_extra,
        generate_unique_id_function=generate_unique_id_function,
    )

patch #

patch(path, *, response_model=Default(None), status_code=None, tags=None, dependencies=None, summary=None, description=None, response_description='Successful Response', responses=None, deprecated=None, operation_id=None, response_model_include=None, response_model_exclude=None, response_model_by_alias=True, response_model_exclude_unset=False, response_model_exclude_defaults=False, response_model_exclude_none=False, include_in_schema=True, response_class=Default(JSONResponse), name=None, callbacks=None, openapi_extra=None, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))

Add a path operation using an HTTP PATCH operation.

Example#
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None

app = FastAPI()
router = APIRouter()

@router.patch("/items/")
def update_item(item: Item):
    return {"message": "Item updated in place"}

app.include_router(router)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
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def patch(
    self,
    path: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The URL path to be used for this *path operation*.

            For example, in `http://example.com/items`, the path is `/items`.
            """
        ),
    ],
    *,
    response_model: Annotated[
        Any,
        Doc(
            """
            The type to use for the response.

            It could be any valid Pydantic *field* type. So, it doesn't have to
            be a Pydantic model, it could be other things, like a `list`, `dict`,
            etc.

            It will be used for:

            * Documentation: the generated OpenAPI (and the UI at `/docs`) will
                show it as the response (JSON Schema).
            * Serialization: you could return an arbitrary object and the
                `response_model` would be used to serialize that object into the
                corresponding JSON.
            * Filtering: the JSON sent to the client will only contain the data
                (fields) defined in the `response_model`. If you returned an object
                that contains an attribute `password` but the `response_model` does
                not include that field, the JSON sent to the client would not have
                that `password`.
            * Validation: whatever you return will be serialized with the
                `response_model`, converting any data as necessary to generate the
                corresponding JSON. But if the data in the object returned is not
                valid, that would mean a violation of the contract with the client,
                so it's an error from the API developer. So, FastAPI will raise an
                error and return a 500 error code (Internal Server Error).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(None),
    status_code: Annotated[
        Optional[int],
        Doc(
            """
            The default status code to be used for the response.

            You could override the status code by returning a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Status Code](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-status-code/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    tags: Annotated[
        Optional[List[Union[str, Enum]]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of tags to be applied to the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/#tags).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    dependencies: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of dependencies (using `Depends()`) to be applied to the
            *path operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Dependencies in path operation decorators](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    summary: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A summary for the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    description: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A description for the *path operation*.

            If not provided, it will be extracted automatically from the docstring
            of the *path operation function*.

            It can contain Markdown.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_description: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The description for the default response.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = "Successful Response",
    responses: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]],
        Doc(
            """
            Additional responses that could be returned by this *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    deprecated: Annotated[
        Optional[bool],
        Doc(
            """
            Mark this *path operation* as deprecated.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    operation_id: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Custom operation ID to be used by this *path operation*.

            By default, it is generated automatically.

            If you provide a custom operation ID, you need to make sure it is
            unique for the whole API.

            You can customize the
            operation ID generation with the parameter
            `generate_unique_id_function` in the `FastAPI` class.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_include: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to include only certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_exclude: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to exclude certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_by_alias: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response model
            should be serialized by alias when an alias is used.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_model_exclude_unset: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that were not set and
            have their default values. This is different from
            `response_model_exclude_defaults` in that if the fields are set,
            they will be included in the response, even if the value is the same
            as the default.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_defaults: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that have the same value
            as the default. This is different from `response_model_exclude_unset`
            in that if the fields are set but contain the same default values,
            they will be excluded from the response.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_none: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data should
            exclude fields set to `None`.

            This is much simpler (less smart) than `response_model_exclude_unset`
            and `response_model_exclude_defaults`. You probably want to use one of
            those two instead of this one, as those allow returning `None` values
            when it makes sense.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_exclude_none).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    include_in_schema: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Include this *path operation* in the generated OpenAPI schema.

            This affects the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Query Parameters and String Validations](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/query-params-str-validations/#exclude-from-openapi).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_class: Annotated[
        Type[Response],
        Doc(
            """
            Response class to be used for this *path operation*.

            This will not be used if you return a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#redirectresponse).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(JSONResponse),
    name: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Name for this *path operation*. Only used internally.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    callbacks: Annotated[
        Optional[List[BaseRoute]],
        Doc(
            """
            List of *path operations* that will be used as OpenAPI callbacks.

            This is only for OpenAPI documentation, the callbacks won't be used
            directly.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for OpenAPI Callbacks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/openapi-callbacks/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    openapi_extra: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
        Doc(
            """
            Extra metadata to be included in the OpenAPI schema for this *path
            operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Advanced Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/path-operation-advanced-configuration/#custom-openapi-path-operation-schema).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    generate_unique_id_function: Annotated[
        Callable[[APIRoute], str],
        Doc(
            """
            Customize the function used to generate unique IDs for the *path
            operations* shown in the generated OpenAPI.

            This is particularly useful when automatically generating clients or
            SDKs for your API.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(generate_unique_id),
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    """
    Add a *path operation* using an HTTP PATCH operation.

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
    from pydantic import BaseModel

    class Item(BaseModel):
        name: str
        description: str | None = None

    app = FastAPI()
    router = APIRouter()

    @router.patch("/items/")
    def update_item(item: Item):
        return {"message": "Item updated in place"}

    app.include_router(router)
    ```
    """
    return self.api_route(
        path=path,
        response_model=response_model,
        status_code=status_code,
        tags=tags,
        dependencies=dependencies,
        summary=summary,
        description=description,
        response_description=response_description,
        responses=responses,
        deprecated=deprecated,
        methods=["PATCH"],
        operation_id=operation_id,
        response_model_include=response_model_include,
        response_model_exclude=response_model_exclude,
        response_model_by_alias=response_model_by_alias,
        response_model_exclude_unset=response_model_exclude_unset,
        response_model_exclude_defaults=response_model_exclude_defaults,
        response_model_exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
        response_class=response_class,
        name=name,
        callbacks=callbacks,
        openapi_extra=openapi_extra,
        generate_unique_id_function=generate_unique_id_function,
    )

trace #

trace(path, *, response_model=Default(None), status_code=None, tags=None, dependencies=None, summary=None, description=None, response_description='Successful Response', responses=None, deprecated=None, operation_id=None, response_model_include=None, response_model_exclude=None, response_model_by_alias=True, response_model_exclude_unset=False, response_model_exclude_defaults=False, response_model_exclude_none=False, include_in_schema=True, response_class=Default(JSONResponse), name=None, callbacks=None, openapi_extra=None, generate_unique_id_function=Default(generate_unique_id))

Add a path operation using an HTTP TRACE operation.

Example#
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None

app = FastAPI()
router = APIRouter()

@router.trace("/items/{item_id}")
def trace_item(item_id: str):
    return None

app.include_router(router)
Source code in fastapi/routing.py
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def trace(
    self,
    path: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The URL path to be used for this *path operation*.

            For example, in `http://example.com/items`, the path is `/items`.
            """
        ),
    ],
    *,
    response_model: Annotated[
        Any,
        Doc(
            """
            The type to use for the response.

            It could be any valid Pydantic *field* type. So, it doesn't have to
            be a Pydantic model, it could be other things, like a `list`, `dict`,
            etc.

            It will be used for:

            * Documentation: the generated OpenAPI (and the UI at `/docs`) will
                show it as the response (JSON Schema).
            * Serialization: you could return an arbitrary object and the
                `response_model` would be used to serialize that object into the
                corresponding JSON.
            * Filtering: the JSON sent to the client will only contain the data
                (fields) defined in the `response_model`. If you returned an object
                that contains an attribute `password` but the `response_model` does
                not include that field, the JSON sent to the client would not have
                that `password`.
            * Validation: whatever you return will be serialized with the
                `response_model`, converting any data as necessary to generate the
                corresponding JSON. But if the data in the object returned is not
                valid, that would mean a violation of the contract with the client,
                so it's an error from the API developer. So, FastAPI will raise an
                error and return a 500 error code (Internal Server Error).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(None),
    status_code: Annotated[
        Optional[int],
        Doc(
            """
            The default status code to be used for the response.

            You could override the status code by returning a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Status Code](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-status-code/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    tags: Annotated[
        Optional[List[Union[str, Enum]]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of tags to be applied to the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/#tags).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    dependencies: Annotated[
        Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]],
        Doc(
            """
            A list of dependencies (using `Depends()`) to be applied to the
            *path operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Dependencies in path operation decorators](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    summary: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A summary for the *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    description: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            A description for the *path operation*.

            If not provided, it will be extracted automatically from the docstring
            of the *path operation function*.

            It can contain Markdown.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_description: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            """
            The description for the default response.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = "Successful Response",
    responses: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]],
        Doc(
            """
            Additional responses that could be returned by this *path operation*.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    deprecated: Annotated[
        Optional[bool],
        Doc(
            """
            Mark this *path operation* as deprecated.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    operation_id: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Custom operation ID to be used by this *path operation*.

            By default, it is generated automatically.

            If you provide a custom operation ID, you need to make sure it is
            unique for the whole API.

            You can customize the
            operation ID generation with the parameter
            `generate_unique_id_function` in the `FastAPI` class.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_include: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to include only certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_exclude: Annotated[
        Optional[IncEx],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to exclude certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_by_alias: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response model
            should be serialized by alias when an alias is used.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_model_exclude_unset: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that were not set and
            have their default values. This is different from
            `response_model_exclude_defaults` in that if the fields are set,
            they will be included in the response, even if the value is the same
            as the default.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_defaults: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that have the same value
            as the default. This is different from `response_model_exclude_unset`
            in that if the fields are set but contain the same default values,
            they will be excluded from the response.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_none: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data should
            exclude fields set to `None`.

            This is much simpler (less smart) than `response_model_exclude_unset`
            and `response_model_exclude_defaults`. You probably want to use one of
            those two instead of this one, as those allow returning `None` values
            when it makes sense.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_exclude_none).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    include_in_schema: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Include this *path operation* in the generated OpenAPI schema.

            This affects the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Query Parameters and String Validations](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/query-params-str-validations/#exclude-from-openapi).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_class: Annotated[
        Type[Response],
        Doc(
            """
            Response class to be used for this *path operation*.

            This will not be used if you return a response directly.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#redirectresponse).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(JSONResponse),
    name: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            """
            Name for this *path operation*. Only used internally.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    callbacks: Annotated[
        Optional[List[BaseRoute]],
        Doc(
            """
            List of *path operations* that will be used as OpenAPI callbacks.

            This is only for OpenAPI documentation, the callbacks won't be used
            directly.

            It will be added to the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for OpenAPI Callbacks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/openapi-callbacks/).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    openapi_extra: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
        Doc(
            """
            Extra metadata to be included in the OpenAPI schema for this *path
            operation*.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Path Operation Advanced Configuration](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/path-operation-advanced-configuration/#custom-openapi-path-operation-schema).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    generate_unique_id_function: Annotated[
        Callable[[APIRoute], str],
        Doc(
            """
            Customize the function used to generate unique IDs for the *path
            operations* shown in the generated OpenAPI.

            This is particularly useful when automatically generating clients or
            SDKs for your API.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs about how to Generate Clients](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/generate-clients/#custom-generate-unique-id-function).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(generate_unique_id),
) -> Callable[[DecoratedCallable], DecoratedCallable]:
    """
    Add a *path operation* using an HTTP TRACE operation.

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
    from pydantic import BaseModel

    class Item(BaseModel):
        name: str
        description: str | None = None

    app = FastAPI()
    router = APIRouter()

    @router.trace("/items/{item_id}")
    def trace_item(item_id: str):
        return None

    app.include_router(router)
    ```
    """
    return self.api_route(
        path=path,
        response_model=response_model,
        status_code=status_code,
        tags=tags,
        dependencies=dependencies,
        summary=summary,
        description=description,
        response_description=response_description,
        responses=responses,
        deprecated=deprecated,
        methods=["TRACE"],
        operation_id=operation_id,
        response_model_include=response_model_include,
        response_model_exclude=response_model_exclude,
        response_model_by_alias=response_model_by_alias,
        response_model_exclude_unset=response_model_exclude_unset,
        response_model_exclude_defaults=response_model_exclude_defaults,
        response_model_exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
        response_class=response_class,
        name=name,
        callbacks=callbacks,
        openapi_extra=openapi_extra,
        generate_unique_id_function=generate_unique_id_function,
    )

after_startup #

after_startup(func: Callable[[AppType], Mapping[str, Any]]) -> Callable[[AppType], Mapping[str, Any]]
after_startup(func: Callable[[AppType], Awaitable[Mapping[str, Any]]]) -> Callable[[AppType], Awaitable[Mapping[str, Any]]]
after_startup(func: Callable[[AppType], None]) -> Callable[[AppType], None]
after_startup(func: Callable[[AppType], Awaitable[None]]) -> Callable[[AppType], Awaitable[None]]
after_startup(func)

Register a function to be executed after startup.

Source code in faststream/broker/fastapi/router.py
def after_startup(
    self,
    func: Union[
        Callable[["AppType"], Mapping[str, Any]],
        Callable[["AppType"], Awaitable[Mapping[str, Any]]],
        Callable[["AppType"], None],
        Callable[["AppType"], Awaitable[None]],
    ],
) -> Union[
    Callable[["AppType"], Mapping[str, Any]],
    Callable[["AppType"], Awaitable[Mapping[str, Any]]],
    Callable[["AppType"], None],
    Callable[["AppType"], Awaitable[None]],
]:
    """Register a function to be executed after startup."""
    self._after_startup_hooks.append(to_async(func))
    return func

on_broker_shutdown #

on_broker_shutdown(func: Callable[[AppType], None]) -> Callable[[AppType], None]
on_broker_shutdown(func: Callable[[AppType], Awaitable[None]]) -> Callable[[AppType], Awaitable[None]]
on_broker_shutdown(func)

Register a function to be executed before broker stop.

Source code in faststream/broker/fastapi/router.py
def on_broker_shutdown(
    self,
    func: Union[
        Callable[["AppType"], None],
        Callable[["AppType"], Awaitable[None]],
    ],
) -> Union[
    Callable[["AppType"], None],
    Callable[["AppType"], Awaitable[None]],
]:
    """Register a function to be executed before broker stop."""
    self._on_shutdown_hooks.append(to_async(func))
    return func

subscriber #

subscriber(subject, queue='', pending_msgs_limit=None, pending_bytes_limit=None, max_msgs=0, durable=None, config=None, ordered_consumer=False, idle_heartbeat=None, flow_control=None, deliver_policy=None, headers_only=None, pull_sub=None, kv_watch=None, obj_watch=False, inbox_prefix=INBOX_PREFIX, ack_first=False, stream=None, dependencies=(), parser=None, decoder=None, middlewares=(), filter=default_filter, max_workers=1, retry=False, no_ack=False, no_reply=False, title=None, description=None, include_in_schema=True, response_model=Default(None), response_model_include=None, response_model_exclude=None, response_model_by_alias=True, response_model_exclude_unset=False, response_model_exclude_defaults=False, response_model_exclude_none=False)
Source code in faststream/nats/fastapi/fastapi.py
def subscriber(  # type: ignore[override]
    self,
    subject: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc("NATS subject to subscribe."),
    ],
    queue: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc(
            "Subscribers' NATS queue name. Subscribers with same queue name will be load balanced by the NATS "
            "server."
        ),
    ] = "",
    pending_msgs_limit: Annotated[
        Optional[int],
        Doc(
            "Limit of messages, considered by NATS server as possible to be delivered to the client without "
            "been answered. In case of NATS Core, if that limits exceeds, you will receive NATS 'Slow Consumer' "
            "error. "
            "That's literally means that your worker can't handle the whole load. In case of NATS JetStream, "
            "you will no longer receive messages until some of delivered messages will be acked in any way."
        ),
    ] = None,
    pending_bytes_limit: Annotated[
        Optional[int],
        Doc(
            "The number of bytes, considered by NATS server as possible to be delivered to the client without "
            "been answered. In case of NATS Core, if that limit exceeds, you will receive NATS 'Slow Consumer' "
            "error."
            "That's literally means that your worker can't handle the whole load. In case of NATS JetStream, "
            "you will no longer receive messages until some of delivered messages will be acked in any way."
        ),
    ] = None,
    # Core arguments
    max_msgs: Annotated[
        int,
        Doc("Consuming messages limiter. Automatically disconnect if reached."),
    ] = 0,
    # JS arguments
    durable: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            "Name of the durable consumer to which the the subscription should be bound."
        ),
    ] = None,
    config: Annotated[
        Optional["api.ConsumerConfig"],
        Doc("Configuration of JetStream consumer to be subscribed with."),
    ] = None,
    ordered_consumer: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc("Enable ordered consumer mode."),
    ] = False,
    idle_heartbeat: Annotated[
        Optional[float],
        Doc("Enable Heartbeats for a consumer to detect failures."),
    ] = None,
    flow_control: Annotated[
        Optional[bool],
        Doc("Enable Flow Control for a consumer."),
    ] = None,
    deliver_policy: Annotated[
        Optional["api.DeliverPolicy"],
        Doc("Deliver Policy to be used for subscription."),
    ] = None,
    headers_only: Annotated[
        Optional[bool],
        Doc(
            "Should be message delivered without payload, only headers and metadata."
        ),
    ] = None,
    # pull arguments
    pull_sub: Annotated[
        Optional["PullSub"],
        Doc(
            "NATS Pull consumer parameters container. "
            "Should be used with `stream` only."
        ),
    ] = None,
    kv_watch: Annotated[
        Union[str, "KvWatch", None],
        Doc("KeyValue watch parameters container."),
    ] = None,
    obj_watch: Annotated[
        Union[bool, "ObjWatch"],
        Doc("ObjecStore watch parameters container."),
    ] = False,
    inbox_prefix: Annotated[
        bytes,
        Doc(
            "Prefix for generating unique inboxes, subjects with that prefix and NUID."
        ),
    ] = api.INBOX_PREFIX,
    # custom
    ack_first: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc("Whether to `ack` message at start of consuming or not."),
    ] = False,
    stream: Annotated[
        Union[str, "JStream", None],
        Doc("Subscribe to NATS Stream with `subject` filter."),
    ] = None,
    # broker arguments
    dependencies: Annotated[
        Iterable["params.Depends"],
        Doc("Dependencies list (`[Depends(),]`) to apply to the subscriber."),
    ] = (),
    parser: Annotated[
        Optional["CustomCallable"],
        Doc("Parser to map original **nats-py** Msg to FastStream one."),
    ] = None,
    decoder: Annotated[
        Optional["CustomCallable"],
        Doc("Function to decode FastStream msg bytes body to python objects."),
    ] = None,
    middlewares: Annotated[
        Iterable["SubscriberMiddleware[NatsMessage]"],
        Doc("Subscriber middlewares to wrap incoming message processing."),
    ] = (),
    filter: Annotated[
        Union[
            "Filter[NatsMessage]",
            "Filter[NatsBatchMessage]",
        ],
        Doc(
            "Overload subscriber to consume various messages from the same source."
        ),
        deprecated(
            "Deprecated in **FastStream 0.5.0**. "
            "Please, create `subscriber` object and use it explicitly instead. "
            "Argument will be removed in **FastStream 0.6.0**."
        ),
    ] = default_filter,
    max_workers: Annotated[
        int,
        Doc("Number of workers to process messages concurrently."),
    ] = 1,
    retry: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc("Whether to `nack` message at processing exception."),
    ] = False,
    no_ack: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc("Whether to disable **FastStream** autoacknowledgement logic or not."),
    ] = False,
    no_reply: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            "Whether to disable **FastStream** RPC and Reply To auto responses or not."
        ),
    ] = False,
    # AsyncAPI information
    title: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("AsyncAPI subscriber object title."),
    ] = None,
    description: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc(
            "AsyncAPI subscriber object description. "
            "Uses decorated docstring as default."
        ),
    ] = None,
    include_in_schema: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc("Whetever to include operation in AsyncAPI schema or not."),
    ] = True,
    # FastAPI args
    response_model: Annotated[
        Any,
        Doc(
            """
            The type to use for the response.

            It could be any valid Pydantic *field* type. So, it doesn't have to
            be a Pydantic model, it could be other things, like a `list`, `dict`,
            etc.

            It will be used for:

            * Documentation: the generated OpenAPI (and the UI at `/docs`) will
                show it as the response (JSON Schema).
            * Serialization: you could return an arbitrary object and the
                `response_model` would be used to serialize that object into the
                corresponding JSON.
            * Filtering: the JSON sent to the client will only contain the data
                (fields) defined in the `response_model`. If you returned an object
                that contains an attribute `password` but the `response_model` does
                not include that field, the JSON sent to the client would not have
                that `password`.
            * Validation: whatever you return will be serialized with the
                `response_model`, converting any data as necessary to generate the
                corresponding JSON. But if the data in the object returned is not
                valid, that would mean a violation of the contract with the client,
                so it's an error from the API developer. So, FastAPI will raise an
                error and return a 500 error code (Internal Server Error).

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
            """
        ),
    ] = Default(None),
    response_model_include: Annotated[
        Optional["IncEx"],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to include only certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_exclude: Annotated[
        Optional["IncEx"],
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to exclude certain fields in the
            response data.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    response_model_by_alias: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response model
            should be serialized by alias when an alias is used.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_include-and-response_model_exclude).
            """
        ),
    ] = True,
    response_model_exclude_unset: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that were not set and
            have their default values. This is different from
            `response_model_exclude_defaults` in that if the fields are set,
            they will be included in the response, even if the value is the same
            as the default.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_defaults: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data
            should have all the fields, including the ones that have the same value
            as the default. This is different from `response_model_exclude_unset`
            in that if the fields are set but contain the same default values,
            they will be excluded from the response.

            When `True`, default values are omitted from the response.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#use-the-response_model_exclude_unset-parameter).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
    response_model_exclude_none: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc(
            """
            Configuration passed to Pydantic to define if the response data should
            exclude fields set to `None`.

            This is much simpler (less smart) than `response_model_exclude_unset`
            and `response_model_exclude_defaults`. You probably want to use one of
            those two instead of this one, as those allow returning `None` values
            when it makes sense.

            Read more about it in the
            [FastAPI docs for Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#response_model_exclude_none).
            """
        ),
    ] = False,
) -> "AsyncAPISubscriber":
    return cast(
        AsyncAPISubscriber,
        super().subscriber(
            subject=subject,
            queue=queue,
            pending_msgs_limit=pending_msgs_limit,
            pending_bytes_limit=pending_bytes_limit,
            max_msgs=max_msgs,
            durable=durable,
            config=config,
            ordered_consumer=ordered_consumer,
            idle_heartbeat=idle_heartbeat,
            flow_control=flow_control,
            deliver_policy=deliver_policy,
            headers_only=headers_only,
            pull_sub=pull_sub,
            kv_watch=kv_watch,
            obj_watch=obj_watch,
            inbox_prefix=inbox_prefix,
            ack_first=ack_first,
            stream=stream,
            parser=parser,
            decoder=decoder,
            middlewares=middlewares,
            filter=filter,
            max_workers=max_workers,
            retry=retry,
            no_ack=no_ack,
            no_reply=no_reply,
            title=title,
            description=description,
            include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
            dependencies=dependencies,
            # FastAPI args
            response_model=response_model,
            response_model_include=response_model_include,
            response_model_exclude=response_model_exclude,
            response_model_by_alias=response_model_by_alias,
            response_model_exclude_unset=response_model_exclude_unset,
            response_model_exclude_defaults=response_model_exclude_defaults,
            response_model_exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
        ),
    )

publisher #

publisher(subject, headers=None, reply_to='', stream=None, timeout=None, middlewares=(), title=None, description=None, schema=None, include_in_schema=True)
Source code in faststream/nats/fastapi/fastapi.py
@override
def publisher(  # type: ignore[override]
    self,
    subject: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc("NATS subject to send message."),
    ],
    headers: Annotated[
        Optional[Dict[str, str]],
        Doc(
            "Message headers to store metainformation. "
            "**content-type** and **correlation_id** will be set automatically by framework anyway. "
            "Can be overridden by `publish.headers` if specified."
        ),
    ] = None,
    reply_to: Annotated[
        str,
        Doc("NATS subject name to send response."),
    ] = "",
    # JS
    stream: Annotated[
        Union[str, "JStream", None],
        Doc(
            "This option validates that the target `subject` is in presented stream. "
            "Can be omitted without any effect."
        ),
    ] = None,
    timeout: Annotated[
        Optional[float],
        Doc("Timeout to send message to NATS."),
    ] = None,
    # specific
    middlewares: Annotated[
        Iterable["PublisherMiddleware"],
        Doc("Publisher middlewares to wrap outgoing messages."),
    ] = (),
    # AsyncAPI information
    title: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("AsyncAPI publisher object title."),
    ] = None,
    description: Annotated[
        Optional[str],
        Doc("AsyncAPI publisher object description."),
    ] = None,
    schema: Annotated[
        Optional[Any],
        Doc(
            "AsyncAPI publishing message type. "
            "Should be any python-native object annotation or `pydantic.BaseModel`."
        ),
    ] = None,
    include_in_schema: Annotated[
        bool,
        Doc("Whetever to include operation in AsyncAPI schema or not."),
    ] = True,
) -> AsyncAPIPublisher:
    return self.broker.publisher(
        subject,
        headers=headers,
        reply_to=reply_to,
        stream=stream,
        timeout=timeout,
        middlewares=middlewares,
        title=title,
        description=description,
        schema=schema,
        include_in_schema=include_in_schema,
    )